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Fluting on a bearing is primarily caused by electric arcing. This phenomenon occurs when electrical currents pass through the rolling elements of a bearing, which can occur due to various reasons, such as improper grounding or insulation failure in electric motors. The electric current can erode the surface of the bearing raceways and rolling elements, leading to the characteristic fluting pattern. This damage is often referred to as "electrical discharge machining" and results in surface irregularities that adversely affect bearing performance and longevity.

Overloading, improper lubrication, and excessive speed can also cause various forms of wear and damage in bearings, but they do not specifically lead to fluting. Overloading might cause general wear or fatigue, improper lubrication can lead to insufficient film thickness and overheating, and excessive speed can lead to accelerated wear or failure due to centrifugal forces. However, the specific surface damage known as fluting is directly associated with the presence of electrical arcing.